Lenovo HUSMM32 Enterprise Performance 12G SAS FIPS SED SSDs

The 12 Gb SAS HUSMM32 Enterprise Performance FIPS SED solid-state drives (SSDs) are high-performance self-encrypting drives (SEDs) that adhere to the Federal Information Processing Standard 140-2 (FIPS 140-2) cryptographic standard. These drives are available in either 2.5-inch or 3.5-inch drive form factor for System x servers.

Self-encrypting drives provide the ultimate in security for data-at-rest and help reduce IT drive retirement costs in the data center. When combined with the compatible RAID controllers, SED drives in Lenovo servers deliver a cost-effective, secure solution for businesses of all sizes. Self-encrypting drives are also an excellent choice if you need to comply with government or industry rules regarding data privacy and encryption.

The 12 Gb SAS Enterprise Performance FIPS SED SSD is shown in the following figure.

Figure 1. 12 Gb SAS Enterprise Performance FIPS SED SSD (hot-swap tray removed)

The 12 Gb SAS drives with 10 full drives writes per day (DWPD) are an excellent choice for applications demanding high write performance, such as High Performance Computing (HPC), High Definition Imaging and Video (HDIV), high data rate analytics and databases, large-scale virtualization, and video on demand content delivery.

These HUSMM32 FIPS drives are follow-on drives to the SSC+ drives described in https://lenovopress.com/lp0614

The following table lists the information for ordering part numbers and feature codes for ThinkSystem servers.

The following table lists the information for ordering part numbers and feature codes for System x servers.

The part numbers include the following items:

• One 2.5-inch SSD with either a 2.5-inch or 3.5-inch a hot-swap tray attached
• Documentation

The following sections describe the benefits in more details.

When the self-encrypting drive is in normal use, its owner need not maintain authentication keys (otherwise known as credentials or passwords) in order to access the data on the drive. The self-encrypting drive will encrypt data being written to the drive and decrypt data being read from it, all without requiring an authentication key from the owner.

Nearly all drives eventually leave the data center and their owner's control. Corporate data resides on such drives, and when most leave the data center, the data they contain is still readable. Even data that has been striped across many drives in a RAID array is vulnerable to data theft because just a typical single stripe in today’s high-capacity arrays is large enough to expose for example, hundreds of names and bank account numbers.

In an effort to avoid data breaches and the ensuing customer notifications required by data privacy laws, companies use different methods to erase the data on retired drives before they leave the premises and potentially fall into the wrong hands. Current retirement practices that are designed to make data unreadable rely on significant human involvement in the process, and are thus subject to both technical and human failure.

Self-encyrpting drives eliminate the need to overwrite, destroy, or store retired drives. When the drive is to be retired, it can be cryptographically erased, a process that is nearly instantaneous regardless of the capacity of the drive.

Self-encrypting drives reduce IT operating expenses by reducing asset control challenges and disposal costs. Data security with self-encrypting drives helps ensure compliance with privacy regulations without hindering IT efficiency. So called "Safe Harbor" clauses in government regulations allow companies to not have to notify customers of occurrences of data theft if that data was encrypted and therefore unreadable.

Using a self-encrypting drive when auto-lock mode is enabled simply requires securing the drive with an authentication key. When secured in this manner, the drive’s data encryption key is locked whenever the drive is powered down. In other words, the moment the self-encrypting drive is switched off or unplugged, it automatically locks down the drive’s data.

When the self-encrypting drive is then powered back on, it requires authentication before being able to unlock its encryption key and read any data on the drive, thus protecting against misplacement and theft.

While using self-encrypting drives just for the instant secure erase is an extremely efficient and effective means to help securely retire a drive, using self-encrypting drives in auto-lock mode provides even more advantages. From the moment the drive or system is removed from the data center (with or without authorization), the drive is locked. No advance thought or action is required from the data center administrator to protect the data. This helps prevent a breach should the drive be mishandled and helps secure the data against the threat of insider or outside theft.

The 12 Gb SAS HUSMM32 Enterprise Performance FIPS SED SSDs have the following features:

• Based on the HGST Ultrastar SS300 drive family
• Industry-standard 2.5-inch drive with 2.5-inch or 3.5-inch drive tray attached
• Compliant with the FIPS 140-2 Level 2 standard for cryptography modules
• Supports the SafeStore self-encyrpting drive (SED) functionality of ServeRAID adapters
• Uses 3D Multi-Level Cell (MLC) NAND flash memory
• Endurance of 10 drive writes per day (DWPD) for 5 years. This equates to a total bytes written (TBW) value of:
  • 400 GB drive: 7 PB
  • 800 GB drive: 15 PB
  • 1.6 TB drive: 29 PB
• SAS MLC solid-state drive with high read performance and consistently low latencies to fulfill client needs in the enterprise space
• High reliability and enhanced ruggedness
• Energy saving, with 9 W typical power consumption per drive
• Absence of moving parts to reduce potential failure points in the server
• S.M.A.R.T. support
• Advanced Encrypting Standard (AES) 256-bit encryption
• Supports Sanitize Cryptographic Erase
• Full end-to-end data path protection:
  • Extended error correction code (ECC)
  • Exclusive-OR (XOR) parity to protect against Flash die failure
  • Parity-checked internal data paths without an external write cache
  • Power loss data management without the need for a supercapacitor

The key difference between Enterprise Performance SSDs such as the 12Gb SAS SSDs described here and Enterprise Entry and Enterprise Mainstream SSDs, is their endurance (life expectancy). SSDs have a huge, but finite, number of program/erase (P/E) cycles, which determines how long the drives can perform write operations and thus their life expectancy. Enterprise Performance SSDs have better endurance than the Enterprise Mainstream and Enterprise Entry SSDs, but at a higher cost/IOPS ratio.

SSD write endurance is typically measured by the number of program/erase cycles that the drive can incur over its lifetime, which is listed as TBW in the device specification. The TBW value that is assigned to a solid-state device is the total bytes of written data that a drive can be guaranteed to complete. Reaching this limit does not cause the drive to immediately fail; the TBW simply denotes the maximum number of writes that can be guaranteed.

A solid-state device does not fail upon reaching the specified TBW, but at some point after surpassing the TBW value (and based on manufacturing variance margins), the drive reaches the end-of-life point, at which time the drive goes into read-only mode. Because of such behavior, careful planning must be done to use SSDs in the application environments to ensure that the TBW of the drive is not exceeded before the required life expectancy.

For example, the 800 GB drive has an endurance of 15 PB of total bytes written (TBW). This means that for full operation over five years, write workload must be limited to no more than 8,219 GB of writes per day, which is equivalent to 10.3 full drive writes per day (DWPD). For the device to last three years, the drive write workload must be limited to no more than 13,699 GB of writes per day, which is equivalent to 17.1 full drive writes per day.

The following table presents technical specifications for the 12 Gb SAS HUSMM32 Enterprise Performance FIPS SED SSDs.

The following table lists the ThinkSystem servers that are compatible.

The following tables list the System x servers that are compatible.

SED drives require a supported SAS controller, either a SAS HBA or a RAID controller with SED support. SED support of RAID adapters is via the MegaRAID SafeStore functionality of the adapter. SED support of the SAS HBAs is by using software on the server (SED commands are passed through the HBA to the drives).

The following table lists which ThinkSystem controllers support the use of SED drives.

For more information, see the RAID adapter and HBA product guides:

System x controllers are listed in the following table.

* System x ServeRAID RAID controllers require the MegaRAID SafeStore upgrade for SED support. This is a Features on Demand upgrade. See the relevant product guide for details.

SSDs operate transparently to users, storage systems, applications, databases, and operating systems.

Operating system support is based on the controller used to connect to the drives. Consult the controller propduct guide for more information:

• RAID controllers: https://lenovopress.com/servers/options/raid
• SAS HBAs: https://lenovopress.com/servers/options/hba

To effectively manage a large deployment of SEDs in Lenovo servers, IBM Security Key Lifecycle Manager (SKLM) offers a centralized key management solution. Certain Lenovo servers support Features on Demand (FoD) license upgrades that enable SKLM support.

The following table lists the part numbers and feature codes to enable SKLM support in the management processor of the server.

The IBM Security Key Lifecycle Manager software is available from Lenovo using the ordering information listed in the following table.

The following tables list the ThinkSystem servers that are compatible.

The following table lists the System x and dense servers that support the SKLM upgrades.

The SSDs carry a one-year, customer-replaceable unit (CRU) limited warranty. When the SSDs are installed in a supported server, these drives assume the system’s base warranty and any warranty upgrades.

Solid State Memory cells have an intrinsic, finite number of program/erase cycles that each cell can incur. As a result, each solid state device has a maximum amount of program/erase cycles to which it can be subjected. The warranty for Lenovo SSDs is limited to drives that have not reached the maximum guaranteed number of program/erase cycles, as documented in the Official Published Specifications for the SSD product. A drive that reaches this limit may fail to operate according to its Specifications.

The 12 Gb SAS HUSMM32 Enterprise Performance FIPS SED SSDs have the following physical specifications.

Dimensions and weight (approximate, without drive tray):

• Height: 15 mm (0.6 in.)
• Width: 70 mm (2.8 in.)
• Depth: 100 mm (4.0 in.)
• Weight: 140 g (4.9 oz lb)

Shipping dimensions and weight - 2.5-inch drives (approximate):

• Height: 63 mm (2.5 in.)
• Width: 174 mm (6.9 in.)
• Depth: 133 mm (5.2 in.)

Shipping dimensions and weight- 3.5-inch drives (approximate):

• Height: 95 mm (3.7 in.)
• Width: 257 mm (10.1 in.)
• Depth: 193 mm (7.6 in.)

The SSDs are supported in the following environment:

• Temperature, operational: 0 to 60° C (32 to 140° F)
• Temperature, shipping: -40 to 80° C (-40 to 176° F)
• Relative humidity: 5 to 95% (noncondensing)
• Maximum altitude: 3,050 m (10,000 ft)

The 12 Gb SAS HUSMM32 Enterprise Performance FIPS SED SSDs conform to the following encryption standards:

• Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 140-2, (FIPS PUB 140-2)
• Trusted Computing Group (TCG) SSC: Enterprise Specification

The following documents provide further information:

•  National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) summary for FIPS 140-2 certification of the 12 Gb SAS FIPS SED SSD offerings:
  http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/documents/140-1/1401val2016.htm#2716
• FIPS 140-2 Security Policy for the 12 Gb SAS FIPS SED SSD offerings:
  http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cmvp/documents/140-1/140sp/140sp2716.pdf

The SSDs also conform to the following regulations:

• FCC Title 47, Part 15B, Class B
• CA/CSA-CEI/IEC CISPR 22:02
• EN 55024: 1998
• EN 55022: 2006
• EN-60950-1 2nd Edition
• UL/CSA EN-60950-1 2nd Edition
• Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC
• C-Tick: AS/NZS3584
• VCCI V-3/2013-04 Class B
• CNS 13438: 2006
• KCC Article 11.1
• RoHS DIRECTIVE 2011/65/EU
• REACH 1907/2006
• WEEE Directive 2002/96/EC

For more information, see the following documents:

• Lenovo ThinkSystem storage options product page
  https://lenovopress.com/lp0761-storage-options-for-thinksystem-servers

• Lenovo System x storage options product page
  https://www3.lenovo.com/us/en/data-center/servers/server-options/system-x-options/server-storage/c/system-x-storage

• HGST Ultrastar SS300 SAS SSD product page
  https://www.hgst.com/products/solid-state-solutions/ultrastar-ss300
• U.S. Government NIST site for FIPS certifications
  https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/cryptographic-module-validation-program/module-validation-lists
• FIPS Certification for Ultrastar SS330 drives:
  https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/cryptographic-module-validation-program/Certificate/2975
  https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/cryptographic-module-validation-program/Certificate/3271
• Lenovo Press book, Centrally Managing Access to Self-Encrypting Drives in Lenovo System x Servers
  https://lenovopress.com/sg248247